Biography of Thomas Adams, American Inventor

Life story of Thomas Adams, American Inventor Thomas Adams (May 4, 1818â€February 7, 1905) was an American innovator. In 1871, he licensed a machine that could mass produce biting gum from chicle. Adams later worked with agent William Wrigley, Jr. to set up the American Chicle Company, which experienced extraordinary accomplishment in the biting gum industry. Quick Facts: Thomas Adams Known For: Adams was an American innovator who established the biting gum industry.Born: May 4, 1818 in New York CityDied: February 7, 1905 in New York City Early Life Thomas Adams was conceived on May 4, 1818, in New York City. There is minimal recorded data about his initial life; in any case, it is realized that he fiddled with different exchanges including glassmaking-before in the end turning into a picture taker. Trials With Chicle During the 1850s, Adams was living in New York and filling in as a secretary for Antonio de Santa Anna. The Mexican general was estranged abroad, living with Adams in his Staten Island home. Adams saw that Santa Anna jumped at the chance to bite the gum of the Manilkara tree, which was known as chicle. Such normal items had been utilized as biting gum for a great many years by gatherings, for example, the antiquated Egyptians, Greeks, and Aztecs. In North America, biting gum had for quite some time been utilized by Native Americans, from whom British pilgrims in the long run embraced the training. Afterward, specialist and designer John B. Curtis turned into the principal individual to sell gum industrially. His gum was produced using improved paraffin wax. It was Santa Anna who recommended that the ineffective yet imaginative picture taker Adams explore different avenues regarding chicle from Mexico. Santa Clause Anna felt that chicle could be utilized to make a manufactured elastic tire. Santa Clause Anna had companions in Mexico who might have the option to gracefully the item economically to Adams. Prior to making biting gum, Thomas Adams previously attempted to transform chicle into manufactured elastic items. At that point, characteristic elastic was costly; an engineered option would have been amazingly valuable to numerous makers and would have ensured its creator extraordinary riches. Adams endeavored to make toys, covers, downpour boots, and bike wears out of the chicle from Mexican sapodilla trees, however every test fizzled. Adams got dispirited by his inability to utilize chicle as an elastic substitute. He believed he had squandered about a years worth of work. At some point, Adams saw a young lady purchasing White Mountain paraffin wax biting gum for a penny at the corner drugstore. He reviewed that chicle was utilized as biting gum in Mexico and figured this would be an approach to utilize his overflow chicle. As per a 1944 discourse given by Adams grandson Horatio at a feast for the American Chicle Company, Adams proposed to set up an exploratory group, which the drug specialist at the drugstore consented to test. Adams got back home from the gathering and told his child Thomas Jr. about his thought. His child, energized by the recommendation, proposed that the two assembling a few boxes of chicle biting gum and give the item a name and a name. Thomas Jr. was a sales rep (he sold fitting supplies and in some cases went as far west as the Mississippi River), and he offered to take the biting gum on his next excursion to check whether he could sell it. Biting Gum In 1869, Adams was motivated to transform his overflow stock into biting gum by adding enhancing to the chicle. Not long after, he opened the universes first biting gum production line. In February 1871, Adams New York Gum went at a bargain in sedate stores for a penny a piece. The gumballs came in coverings of various hues in a case with an image of New Yorks City Hall on the spread. The endeavor was such a triumph, that Adams was headed to structure a machine that could mass-produce the gum, permitting him to take care of bigger requests. He got a patent for this gadget in 1871. As indicated by The Encyclopedia of New York City, Adams sold his unique gumâ with the trademark Adams New York Gum No. 1 - Snapping and Stretching. In 1888, another Adams biting gum called Tutti-Frutti turned into the main gum to be sold in aâ vending machine. The machines were situated in New York City tram stations and furthermore sold different assortments of Adams gum. Adams items end up being exceptionally famous, substantially more so than the current gum items available, and he immediately ruled his rivals. His organization appeared Black Jack (a licorice-seasoned gum) in 1884 and Chiclets (named after chicle) in 1899. Adams consolidated his organization with other gum makers from the United States and Canada in 1899 to frame the American Chicle Company, of which he was the principal director. Different organizations that converged into it included W.J. White and Son, Beeman Chemical Company, Kisme Gum, and S.T. Briton. The rising fame of biting gum in the decades that followed drove researchers to grow new engineered adaptations; all things considered, some good old chicle assortments are as yet produced and sold today. Passing Adams in the long run ventured down from his initiative situation at the American Chicle Company, however he stayed on the top managerial staff into his late 80s. He kicked the bucket on February 7, 1905, in New York. Inheritance Adams was not the creator of biting gum. By and by, his innovation of a gadget for mass creating biting gum, alongside his endeavors to advance it, brought forth the biting gum industry in the United States. One of his items Chiclets, first presented in 1900-is as yet sold far and wide today. In 2018, biting gum deals totaled about $4 billion in the United States. The American Chicle Company was bought by a pharmaceutical organization in 1962. In 1997, the organization was renamed Adams to pay tribute to its organizer; it is as of now possessed by the dessert shop combination Cadbury, which is situated in England. Sources Dulken, Stephen Van. American Inventions: a History of Curious, Extraordinary, and Just Plain Useful Patents. New York University Press, 2004.McCarthy, Meghan. Pop!: The Invention of Bubble Gum. Simon Schuster, 2010.Segrave, Kerry. Chewing Gum in America, 1850-1920: the Rise of an Industry. McFarland Co., 2015.

Managerial Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Administrative Organization - Essay Example The paper would talk about the heap parts of Enron that prompted its disappointment. Brief rundown of the case Enron was a significant American firm in the zones of vitality and related items that had a worldwide nearness. Enron was established in 1985 through merger of Houston Natural Gas and Internorth, the two significant flammable gas pipeline organizations. In 2000, it was named ‘America’s Most Innovative Company’ by Fortune magazine (Fox, 2004). Yet, in 2001, it was discovered that organized extortion was behind the anticipated money related condition that was raised to mislead open through nonexistent exchanges. The controlled records and review reports gave it advertise believability which was abused by the corporate to obtain capital from budgetary establishments. Its stock plunged to almost zero and it developed as the major monetary trick that shook establishment of corporate America. Circumstance examination Enron was a high income gas pipeline organiz ation that had a specialty showcase in America. The deregulation in the gas costs permitted Enron to be progressively adaptable in its course of action with makers and pipelines. It was permitted it to seek after its enhancement procedure and went into different regions like power, fiber optics, coal, steel, paper and mash. Its invasion into worldwide market was balanced by embraced extends in development and the executives of vitality offices over the globe. Without a doubt, its exponential development was extremely great that impacted the capital market. It abused its ability in physical coordinations to advance an unpredictable system of unsafe exchanging business. The unpredictable market, deregulated gas costs and transport foundation to convey the gas were essential hazard regions that necessary gigantic financing, government coalitions, skill in regions that were virgin to it. The political dangers in creating economies like India and China additionally rose as basic issue th at could endanger its anticipated achievement rate in creating viable vitality limit. In particular, the wide system of complex arrangement of gas exchanging furnished it with gigantic slack to move accounts. The drawn out agreements required future forecast of costs and momentary agreements permitted it to control costs. Both were dangers that were overseen by bookkeeping frameworks through thought up profit and accounting report that was swelled and intended to impact the capital market (Healy and Palepu, 2003). There was absence of straightforwardness and control which encouraged huge corporate misrepresentation and degenerate practices in the higher progression prompting its disappointment. Another essential issue was its vital choices that depended on high desire of abusing openings in rising economies without breaking down its inward qualities, opposite mastery in various zones where it had differentiated and the bookkeeping framework that necessary complex exchanges of long h aul contracts in unpredictable market. Examination of variables prompting its disappointment Organizational culture is an imperative factor that advances characterized code of conduct among the laborers to instill feeling of solidness and wanted inspiration for improved result. Mullins (2007) accepts that it stresses social regularities, which is particular in its language, custom and conventions and the manner in which workforce responds to the circumstances. Enron’s higher chain of command in human asset needed authority activities as well as deceptive in

How to Write a Film Analysis Essay

How to Write a Film Analysis EssayWriting an essay on film analysis can be a daunting task, especially if you have no idea how to go about it. There are many different writing skills that you need to learn before you begin to write a film analysis essay. You will need to make sure that you write in a style that is understood by most readers.The first thing that you need to consider when writing an essay on film analysis is what kinds of subject matter you are going to cover, as this will help determine the style of your article material. You should be able to make the distinction between technical and non-technical writing. To be successful in your essay, you will need to write with the reader in mind rather than just a technical standpoint.When you are writing an essay on film analysis, you will want to first consider the purpose of the essay itself. If you are writing a composition essay, then you may not need to pay too much attention to grammar or sentence structure. However, if you are writing an essay that is for a class, it is important that you pay close attention to the format and to your own writing style. You should think about these things when deciding on how to write a film analysis essay.If you are writing an essay on film analysis, then you will also want to think about the topics that you will cover in the essay. It is important that you write about all of the possible topics that you can imagine, as well as choosing which topics will be more important. This can help you to ensure that you do not get sidetracked.It is also important that you write the essay in a format that is easy to understand. Even if you are only using the Internet, you should use a format that is easily understandable. If you are trying to write an essay online, then you should choose a simple, easy to read font.Essay essays are all different, and they can differ greatly depending on the topic writer. Some writers are very technical, while others are more of a business wri ter. If you are new to writing essays, you should find a topic that you enjoy writing about.As a writer, you will be learning from others. If you are not writing from your own experience, you will be missing out on valuable information that you can use. You should try to gather as much information as you can, and take note of anything that you learn in class that you can apply to your own projects.You should always remember that essay writing is a skill that you should practice. This will help you be successful in how to write a film analysis essay and in everything else that you do. It is important that you use your skills to create more articles and essays.

Classical Music And Modern Music - 2002 Words

Classical tradition in modern music Nowadays, modern music has created more colorful styles and each of the branch has their own personality. Different forms of music are all the responses to the modern world. It seems like the modern music has a great difference from the classical music. But all the modern music’s creation are on the basic of classical music. They have so many advantages to be the reference. Many good composers are in the shadow of the classical music. We could say if there is no success of the classical music, there would never be the explosion in music today. The relationship between two of them are very deep. If we observe this situation in a historical aspect, the modern music’s development on personality and innovation has an inevitable connection with the classical tradition in western music. The music in 20th century and 21st century are sharing the similarities of many schools and styles due to different culture, background and ideas. Many composers create new forms on melody, tonality, rhythm and orchestration different from the tradition ways. They acclaimed to rebel the old world and the exploration to the new world. Neoclassical school, expressionism, differential music, noise music, serial music, electronic music, incidental music, stitching music came into being. The production of all of these colorful and creative forms of music are deeply related to the nowadays gifted composers. Busoni, a famous composer andShow MoreRelatedThe Influence of Classical Music on Modern Music1064 Words   |  4 PagesHow does the classical music influence the modern music? Classical music influence the modern music by styles`s creation, composing and rhythm ,also many artists use elements of classical music in their work, and some choose to quote or replicate it directly. For example,Walter Murphy’s disco hit â€Å"A Fifth of Beethoven† samples Beethoven’s Symphony No.5. The following picture shows The first 5 section is actually quoted from the Beethoven`s sample. It gained a great reaction. There is anotherRead MoreClassical Music Vs. Modern Music1001 Words   |  5 Pagesexpression for European and American music, of the more serious kind, as opposed to popular folk music,† is the ‘Classical Music’ definition according to the New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy (Houghton Mifflin Company). It appears that finding a common description for a musical phenomenon, that’s been around since the Medieval Period, is much easier said than done. I must admit that prior to taking this course, I fell victim to assuming all classical music is dense and contained very little diversityRead MoreMedieval Music: Precursor to Classical and Modern Music881 Words   |  3 PagesMedieval music strongly influenced composers of the Renaissance and that influence still is found in todays Classical music. Music is the art of combining tones to form expressive compositions. Over the ages a number of musical styles have emerged. Many of those music styles only had a shor t impact at the time. The impact of Medieval music, however, is significant because it influenced composers during the Renaissance, and through them today’s music. The first type of medieval music that was createdRead MoreThe Classical Music Of The Modern Era1465 Words   |  6 Pagesare all famous classical composers from the six different eras of music. The music scene has always been male dominated from the composers to the performers. There were a few female composers however, for those times, but the few that there were, were shunned for their attempt at fame and those who were vaguely popular were claimed to have only achieved success from the fame of their husband. These issues of gender discrimination against women are still apparent in all aspects of music today. SocietyRead MoreModern vs. Classical Music955 Words   |  4 Pagessimilar emotional feel for modern day people, as it would have felt for people listening to a live symphony during the Classical era, the ability the artists, and those involved with them, have with the increase of new technology and business schemes has allowed their base of listeners to be on a global scal e for millions, if not yet billions. During the late 17th century to early 19th century, the phenomenon that is the evolution of Liturgical Music had hit the Classical era; extremely skilled artistsRead MoreClassical Vs. Modern Music1409 Words   |  6 PagesClassical vs. Modern Music Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born on January 27, 1756, in Salzburg, Austria. He was born to an overbearing and ambitious father, Leopold, who was more than anxious to exploit his son s extraordinary musical gifts. Mozart began composing at an early age, and he began touring around the same time. Throughout his life, Mozart made many enemies, many his own fault, through his naive arrogance and harsh critique of his musical contemporaries. He worked feverishly, composingRead MoreClassical vs. Modern Music Essay1080 Words   |  5 PagesClassical vs. Modern Music Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born on January 27, 1756, in Salzburg, Austria. He was born to an overbearing and ambitious father, Leopold, who was more than anxious to exploit his sons extraordinary musical gifts. Mozart began composing at an early age, and he began touring around the same time. Throughout his life, Mozart made many enemies, many his own fault, through his naive arrogance and harsh critique of his musical contemporaries. He worked feverishly, composingRead MoreClassical Music And Its Influence On The Modern World1430 Words   |  6 Pages There are many types of music in the world, with many different artists, backgrounds, and stories to tell. Every genre holds within itself a message, and this message shows a glimpse of the past as well as the possibilities of the future. People everywhere love music for these reasons and more, and I love one style of music in particular: a style that brings me comfort, makes me question the world, and gives me insight as to who I am. Classical music describes a genre that, for me, means more thanRead MoreThe Modern Perceptions of Classical Music Essay example553 Words   |  3 Pageshear the term â€Å"music† they are likely to respond with a fresh singer, band, or genre of â€Å"pop† music. Often times society places their opinion of classical music and popular music on completely different wavelengths of importance in the world. The modern perception of classical vs. popular music has led to a heavily decreasing audience for classical groups and performances, a desire for repetitive and simple melodies, and a negative stigma against classical music’s importance. When music began to becomeRead MoreEssay on Transformations to Indian Classical Music801 Words   |  4 PagesThe Indus Valley civilization, consisting of modern day India and Pakistan, was one of the three earliest and most widespread civilizations of human history (Wright 2009). Indian classical music dates back to ancient times, almost four thousand years ago. The origins of Indian classical music can be found in the Vedas, the oldest scriptures in the Hindu tradition (Ruckert 2004). Traditions, customs, and other societal norms envelop Indian classical music. In recent times, however, previously revered

Rhetorical Strategies For Technical Communication - 936 Words

Rhetorical Strategies Although both of the journal covers share a collaborative perspective on the future of technical communication, they feature distinctively different images, fonts, color schemes, and layouts that are the result of two different rhetorical approaches to the theme of â€Å"The Future of Technical Communication.† Journal Cover 1: â€Å"Time to Solve the Puzzle† The first journal cover, entitled â€Å"Time to Solve the Puzzle,† was designed in order to express that the future of technical communication depends on the contribution of knowledge from all people who are involved with the field of technical communication, whether they are a technical communicator or an employer of one. It is meant to convey urgency to all of the people mentioned above in the Audience section, my anticipated viewers of the Technical Communication journal. The idea is that all of these people individually possess some knowledge (represented by the puzzle pieces) that will be combined with the knowledge of others, which when brought together, as a whole will determine the specifics of the future of the technical communication field. In essence, I wanted to express that the future of the technical communication field can take on whatever form those associated with it desire it to, but in order for it to meet their desires, they must begin to collectively think of its future now. The cover features a futuristic themed title with beveled and embossed font centered at the top. I chose the specificShow MoreRelated The Study of Rhetoric Essay1038 Words   |  5 Pagesthe subject matter. These abilities require higher-level thinking, not just skills; analysis and evaluation, not just observation . . . . The study emphasizes strategies and practice rather than a body of facts and contemplation; thus the study of rhetoric aims for social application. Students are studying rhetoric in a technical communication course even though they may never hear of Aristotle nor study history and theory of rhetoric. Identifying a problem, gathering, interpreting, and arranging informationRead MoreThe Topic Of Drunk Driving Essay1228 Words   |  5 PagesAnalyzing the rhetorical appeals from three different authors published in three different journals on the topic of drunk driving, the different rhetorical strategies used by each to achieve their writing goals quickly became obv ious. Both Stephen L. Brown, Prevalence and Effectiveness of Self-Regulatory Techniques Used to Avoid Drunk Driving, Journal of Behavioral Medicine, Volume 20, No. 1, 1997, and Elissavet Liourta and Pepijn Van Empelen, The importance of self-regulatory and goal-conflictingRead MoreCrime Scene Investigator Essay955 Words   |  4 Pagesscientific instrumentality to gather and analyze proof. Maintaining and repairing scientific instrumentality. Testifying in court concerning collected proof. Transporting physical proof to the rhetorical laboratory. against the law scene investigator is termed upon to utilize scientific information and technical experience to judge the crime scene while not destroying proof. Develop a concept for aggregation physical proof. guarantee proof is correctly documented. guarantee proof is correctly collectedRead MoreSyllabus Designing - Review of Literature5836 Words   |  24 PagesESP is not restricted to any particular methodology – although communication methodology is very often felt to be most appropriate). Munby (1978, 1996) defined ESP in relation to ESP courses based on the analysis of the students’ language needs. His definition of ESP is still current as follows: â€Å"ESP courses are those where the syllabus and materials are determined in all essentials by the prior analysis of the communication needs of the learner† (p. 2). The interpretation of the expressionRead MoreAnalysis Of Designing For The Herd1988 Words   |  8 Pageseconomic, social and environmental issues, and secondly, to allow a dialogue between stakeholders about the company as a whole (Belz and Peattie, 2012). However, while the purpose of communicating about sustainability is clear, the specific communication strategies to employ are less certain. The following studies set out to examine the most effective means to reach one’s intended audiences through embracing a herd mentality, emphasizing value to the consumer, visual rhetoric of document design. AudienceRead MoreEssay about Google Leadership1011 Words   |  5 Pagesthe three people responsible for this are Dr. Eric Schmidt, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer; Larry Page, Co-Founder President, Products; and Sergey Brin, Co-Founder President, Technology. Overseeing the companys technical and business strategy since 2001, Dr. Schmidt’s leadership has helped the company grow from a startup to a global enterprise while maintaining a culture of strong innovation. Larry Page the founding CEO grew the company to over 200 employees and profitabilityRead MoreConstructing The Smart Cities - The Design Perspective1534 Words   |  7 PagesHumanity has officially become an urban species with more than half of the global population living in urban areas, and this would increase to 70% by 2050 (Gruen, 2013). To response the living condition, smart city has been touted as a vanguard of strategies for urban development and regeneration. There exists some cities a re over age world, while some of them seem immoderately technocratic and instrumental, as they have been envisaged only from a technological standpoint in recent years. IndeedRead MoreThe Energy And Environmental Design System2055 Words   |  9 Pagessustainable architecture is not an easy process. Specifically, what role can technical communicators in marketing play in convincing clients to adopt these methods? The purpose of this research study is to investigate the marketing of sustainable buildings to recommend best practices for other marketing professionals. As a researcher and advocate for sustainable design, the aim of my research is to articulate a clear approach technical communicators can utilize to create effective materials with lastingRead MoreWhy Are University Writing Courses Required For College Students?2789 Words   |  12 Pagesand analysis. Besides fostering engagement, first year writing also enhances rhetorical knowledge. This occurs through the constant attention to the processes of writing. It also helps to develop people skills, another key aspect within the professional world. People skills are developed through the relationships developed between the instructors and students. Feedback and active learning help to strengthen communication skills within research and writing. The University writing style promotesRead MorePlato and Aristotles Impact on Rhetoric1503 Words   |  7 Pagesof art. He finds that rhetoricians use this tactic to distort truth. In Gorgias, he argues for an ethical rhetoric, one that’s center is truth. Plato believes rhetoric is not an effective method of communication, especially compared to dialectic practice. In this dialogue he criticizes the rhetorical and political power influence of the Sophists. He says that â€Å"only the dialectic allows man to gravitate toward a highe r understanding of Ideas and Forms† (McAdon 29). In Gorgias, he argues that politics

Cooperative Method of Teaching Maths - 1131 Words

USING COOPERATIVE LEARNING TO FACILITATE THE EDUCATION OF LIBERIA’S YOUTH IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM INTRODUCTION With the ending of the war in Liberia, the transitional period of an interim government, and the election of a new leader to carry the country into the new millennium, a new chapter has begun in the continuing history of the Liberian people. One would hope that the process of nation building is in full swing and all endeavors are underway to bring Liberia back to a state of normalcy, out of the darkness of despair and hopelessness that had engulfed the country for the past fifteen years. One of the most important focus of this building process should be the youth of the nation. A sound investment in the future of Liberia must†¦show more content†¦It involves small groups of learners working together as teams to solve problems, complete a task, or accomplish common goals. The small group of learners must promote each other’s learning, must promote each other’s success, and hold each other personally and individually accountable to do his or her fair share of the work [4]. First, group members must perceive that they are part of a team and that they all have a common goal. Second, group members must realize that the problem they will solve is a group problem and that all members will share the group’s success or failure. Third, to accomplish the group’s goal, all students must talk with one another---to discuss all problems. Finally, it must be clear to all that each member’s individual work has a direct effect on the group’s success. Teamwork is important. It is not cooperation learning if students sit together in groups and work on problems individually. It is not cooperative learning if students sit together in groups and let one person do all the work and the others just put their names on the final product. It is not cooperative learning if students do a task individually with instructions that the ones who finish first are to help the slower students. In the real world, most practical problems are addressed by groups, committees and organizations, ratherShow MoreRelatedMethods Of Instruction And Their Influence On Diverse Students1522 Words   |  7 Pages The Study of Methods of Instruction and Their Influence on Diverse Students’ Test Scores Is there a correlation between test scores and methods of teaching for students based on gender, race, or economics? By Monica Ross July 29, 2016 Introduction to Statistics and Research Arkansas State University Abstract It is of utmost importance to the Harmony Creek Middle School that they conduct research into how their students are learning in different classrooms. TheyRead More Cooperative Learning in Mathematics Essay1498 Words   |  6 PagesCooperative Learning in Mathematics There have recently been many new trends towards the use of cooperative learning in many classrooms, particularly in mathematics classrooms. Cooperative learning involves students working together to accomplish shared goals. In this type of situation, students must feel they can only reach their learning goals if the other students in their group also reach their own learning goals. Students have to understand their achievements are interrelatedRead MoreThe Effects Of Using Math Cooperative Learning Groups On A Second Grade Class At Cypress Cove Elementary School Essay1594 Words   |  7 Pageseffects of using math cooperative learning groups on a second grade class at Cypress Cove Elementary School during the academic year of 2016-2017. This chapter focuses on conceptual understanding and the effectiveness of cooperative learning groups in math as well as the influence of group processing on achievement. Making Connections in Math Cognitive development occurs when students use their current knowledge of a subject’s concepts and procedures to learn new material. Math is no differentRead MoreTeaching A Student Centered Environment1220 Words   |  5 Pagesis no longer the teacher instilling one way to solve the math problem into the students. It is the students working cooperatively with the teacher and their classmates to find their own way to solve the math problem. If they can solve a math problem in a way that is unique to the teacher or their classmates and still gets the correct answer that is student-centered learning. There are many steps that need to be taken when creating and teaching a student-centered environment in the classroom. The threeRead MoreHow Cooperative Learning Impacts Higher Order And Critical Thinking Skills And Student Achievement863 Words   |  4 Pageschallenge this researcher faces lies in the structure of a particular Accelerated Math II (10th Grade) curriculum at Lucy C. Laney High School in Augusta, Georgia, in which all students enrolled in the course have to be proficient in all areas of the curriculum. The researcher has observed very little higher order/critical thinking and problem solving and low motivation/morale which may impact student performance in the math course. After a year of intense coursework, including real world applicationRead MoreThe Model Philosophy And Objectives876 Words   |  4 Pages Math A Curriculum Design Project Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Completion of EDCI 6601 Njood Alrashedi Master of Education in Curriculum Instruction Department of Teacher Education Shawnee State University The Model Philosophy and Objectives Learning math skills is critical for establishing a foundation for success in mathematics. The model intends to promote and develop students’ mathematical skills and knowledge. Also, theRead MoreEssay on Teaching Mathematics556 Words   |  3 PagesTeaching Mathematics My interest in teaching mathematics came from the experience of helping others. I have always enjoyed learning math, and I realized that I also like helping other people learn math, especially those that struggle with it or those who have a disliking for it. As a teacher, I will be able to fulfill my aspirations; both my students and I will learn together and from one another. I feel that it is important for me, as a teacher, to stay current and deepen my understandingRead MoreWhy Math Is Important For Teaching Mathematics And How Students Learn Mathematics870 Words   |  4 PagesMath Philosophy Paper Math is developing concepts or standards that’s important for teaching mathematics to students from Pre-K to high school. In our changing world, those who understand and can do mathematics will have significant opportunities and options for shaping their future. (NCTM 2000, p.50). The two important tools to be an effective teacher is knowledge of mathematics and how students learn mathematics. The purposes of math education effect our life since the time we were ableRead MoreImpact Of Cooperative Grouping On Low Achieving Sixth Grade Math Students2270 Words   |  10 PagesImpact of Cooperative Grouping on Low-Achieving Sixth Grade Math Students Stacy Rogers Arkansas Tech University â€Æ' Impact of Cooperative Grouping on Low Achieving Sixth Grade Math Students Chapter 1 Middle school math teachers, as well as all grade-level math teachers, are constantly searching for ways to help their students achieve mathematic success. Students come to classrooms from all backgrounds and each student has a completely different learning style - differentiated instruction is crucialRead MoreEssay about Algebra Tiles and the FOIL Method1605 Words   |  7 PagesAlgebra Tiles and the FOIL Method Algebra is one of the most critical classes a mathematics student takes. In this crucial course, the student must make the jump from concrete numbers and operations to variables and uncertainty. Unfortunately, this area of mathematics is where most students lose interest in mathematics because the concepts become too abstract. The abstractness frightens students and this fear is where the typical â€Å"I hate math† attitude comes from. Educators need to be aware of

Don Quixote Essay Research Paper Cervantes free essay sample

Don Quixote Essay, Research Paper Cervantes # 8217 ; greatest work, Don Quixote, is an astonishing lampoon with a realistic thought. Don Quixote is a state gentleman, an enthusiastic visionary crazed by his reading of love affairs of gallantry, who rides Forth to support the laden and to right wrongs. The subject of the book, in brief, concerns Hidalgo Alonso Quijano, who, because of his reading in books about gallantry, comes to believe that everything they say is true and decides to go a knight-errant himself. He assumes the name of Don Quixote de la Mancha and, accompanied by a provincial, Sancho Panza, who serves him as a squire, sets forth in hunt of escapades. Don Quixote interprets all that he encounters in conformity with his readings and therefore imagines himself to be populating in a universe rather different from the one familiar to the ordinary work forces he meets. Windmills are therefore transformed into giants, and this semblance, together with many others, is the footing for the whippings and mishap s suffered by the audacious hero. We will write a custom essay sample on Don Quixote Essay Research Paper Cervantes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After the knight # 8217 ; s 2nd sally in hunt of escapade, friends and neighbours in his small town decide to coerce him to bury his wild illusion and to reintegrate himself into his former life. The # 8220 ; knight # 8221 ; insists upon following his naming, but at the terminal of the first portion of the book they make him return to his place by agencies of a sly ploy. In the 2nd portion the hidalgo leaves for the 3rd clip and alternately gives indicant of folly and of Wisconsin dom in a eye-popping array of artistic innovations. But now even his enemies force him to abandon his enterprises. Don Quixote eventually recognizes that love affairs of gallantry are mere lying innovations, but upon retrieving the lucidity of his head, he loses his life. This thought is really realistic because of its modern twenty-four hours deductions. It tells who becomes bored with his life and experiences a midlife crisis. He enjoys reading about gallantry and finds the thought so absorbing that he decides that he wants to see it himself. Don Quixote is a character that is a portion of all of us. Everybody has dreams like his of going a knight. Everybody at has capricious fantasy much like he does. The lone differences between Don Quixote and the remainder of us is that he a much more graphic imaginativeness and he desires a alteration in his life. Throughout the book it may look as though Sancho Panza is a unusually faithful and trusty friend to Don Quixote but it seems to me that he is truly an immoral gourmand. The lone ground he becomes Don Quixote # 8217 ; s squire is because he is promised wealths. The book Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes is a freakish narrative of an older adult male # 8217 ; s quest to go a knight. Outfitted in such absurd cogwheel as a pail for a helmet and dubbed knight by an host the old adult male sets out with his squire and has many amusing escapades. All of this makes for an entertaining journey throughout 17th century Spain.

Commodification of Human Life in Modern Society Essay Example

Commodification of Human Life in Modern Society Essay Commodification of Human Life: In Modern Society Assignment 2: Question 2 SOC 440: Sociological Theory Fall 2013 By: Emma Wright Question: Chapter 6 in the Hurst book (Living Theory) focuses on the commodification of Human Life in Modern Society. Examine the key areas of commodification that are discussed in the book and discuss them in terms of how society influence and/or determine our human behavior, and how in turn the individual behavior influences society. This morning I woke up earlier than usual so that I could enjoy some peace and quiet before I started my day. I made some coffee and watched the news thinking in the back of my mind that I needed to shower and fgure out what I wanted to wear to school. Although I would love to stay in my sweatpants and tee shirt, I realized that I would feel much better about myself if I wore something more presentable. But really why should I wear something nice? Why should I put make-up on? Who cares if I am in sweatpants or if I am wearing Jeans? All of those thoughts ran through my neaa ana I came toa conclusion tnat I typlcally Teel netter aoout myselT wnen I Know that others are viewing me the way I want them to view me! We will write a custom essay sample on Commodification of Human Life in Modern Society specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Commodification of Human Life in Modern Society specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Commodification of Human Life in Modern Society specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Subsequently, Hurst ums this up by saying that the worth of individuals is generally measured in terms of their social and economic success and the lifestyle they present to the rest of society. The influences of society determined my behavior and my personal outlook on how I wanted to be viewed by others. There are three main areas of focus that will give clarity to the understanding of how modern society influences and/or determines our human behavior. And in turn how we as individuals influence the society as well. First area Hurst speaks of is the superficial self and how the image of the body in modern society has evolved into a hysical and emotional roller coaster! Creating a positive self-image is hard to maintain because the society has placed a vision of the ideal version of beauty. Today men and women are constantly focused on how to stay on beat with the latest fashion, behavioral trends, etc. During the 1980s women were sought to have this image that beauty included strength and thinness. Over time, the perception of being very thin has qualified as being beautiful. Class and economic status also plays a role in how society influences our behaviors. Depending on the lifestyle you chose to live, you are expected to act and eact in a certain manor. Being sensitive on how to present oneself also involves controlling the other physical aspects of the behavior. Basically what is happening in this case, as Hochschild explains it, is that the emotions and feelings, rather than being ways to find out about oneself, become a commercial resource used to satisfy customers. The superficial self is Hurst way of describing how society has influenced us to place certain expectations and behaviors on what the ideal image of beauty truly is. Society influences us first handedly through commodities, such as celebrities. The world of celebrities has greatly evolved the value of human life. The commercial sport industry seeks to organize events on strict market principles, mainly through the pursuit of capital accumulation, rather than the satisfaction of individual personal and social needs. In a broad sense, celebrities are a social creations. World celebrities set many standards by which society feels they must follow. The physical and emotional attributes that celebrities pursue shape our daily social influences. This idea that celebrities live such a wonderful, successful, and plentiful lifestyle play uch an empowering behavior and mindset to the U. S. society. We must try to live up to those standards in order to fit in as most of the U. S. population would feel. The admiring identification with celebrities not only makes them seem different or even better than us but it also reinforces celebrities as a center of cultural capital in our society. Our influences and feedback towards the world of celebrities affects their behaviors as well. They will continue to climb the totem pole as long as we will show positive emotion towards their lifestyle. And the reverse is the same; in he sense that we as a society feel that it is necessary to mock the celebrities in order to fit in a certain crowd. Weber supports this by saying, the task of the acting, willing person: he weighs and chooses from among the values involved according to his own conscience and his personal view of the world. Which is the act of choice itself is his own responsibility. Although society evolves through patterns of behavior, our minds wlll only allow us to Tollow tnose IT we consciously agree wit n tne actions on nana. This shows us how the value of human life is not always as it seems. Weber was very clear in his view that the rational institutions of modern life cannot provide us with a set of ultimate values by which to organize our lives. The more absolu te the values and the more determined the individuals wish to enact upon them, then more the individual will devote themselves to fulfilling that view. Values are critical because they give direction and meaning to life, which provides worth to our lives. Weber believes that human life is a value in itself is becoming less important. Since the early 1980s, the value of human life has been defined economically rather than socially, religiously and so forth. Simmel on the other hand, suggests that money becomes a universal standard in which qualitative differences between objects are erased. I agree with Simmel in this point of view because society has influenced individuals into believing what their own personal worth is. Sadly enough, we can never be satisfied with Just being able enjoy the value of human life. As the population increases, the value of human life will continue to decrease based on the patterns of life. We are influenced daily by the demands and expectations of the world to act and dress a certain way in order to eceive the benefits we desire. Even within the United States, the value placed on human life appears to depend on the social status of the victims involved. That belief influences individuals to desire a level of gratitude that they wish to live for. There is an inner motivation that drives each behavior to respond in the way that it does. As I spoke before, I chose to wear nice clothes and put make-up on because I want to live up to the social status that I live in now and desire to be a part of in the future. I am motivated to make certain decisions in hopes to benefit from them later. The commodifications of human life are existing throughout every behavior preformed. Patterns evolve over time which give us meaning in how we will perceive things. Social status and economy will always influence society in how we chose to live. Those statements are broad but can be simplified easily; by knowing that society influences us to value our life accordingly to the perception of what is acceptable. OUTLINE Intro My application of how society influences me on a daily basis I ne supernclal selT Three key elements: the superficial self, the world of celebrities, the value of human life Maintaining a positive self- image Modern societies view of beauty Influences of personal behaviors based on societal expectations The world of celebrities Basic understandings of how celebrities shape our societies view on the good life More about social status rather than personal fulfillment We tend to live our lives in mockery of celebrities behaviors in order to stay on beat with the evolving world. center of cultural capital The value of human life Webers view on rational institutions Diminishing importance of life throughout society My agreement with Simmels point of view Our dependency of living a life in monetary value

Free Essays on Sonic Case Study

Executive Summary Beginning with one restaurant, Sonic has become the largest drive-in chain in the United States. While they are smaller than their competitors, they are still leading in sales growth, customer loyalty and customer satisfaction. Sonic restaurants saturate the southern U.S. This gives them the opportunity to expand to other area. However, Sonic is reluctant due to the colder climates and their basis as a drive-in restaurant. Sonic should look at adding or combining capabilities to it’s restaurants to increase competitiveness and make it easier for them to expand into other areas without limiting themselves. Situational Analysis In 1953, Troy Smith, the founder of SONIC and World War II veteran, was living in Shawnee, Oklahoma. Troy dreamed of owning his own restaurant business. In fact, he had already tried twice. Troy first owned a small diner called the Cottage Cafà ©. The income he received was barely enough to make a living for himself and his family. Troy sold the Cottage Cafà © and bought a bigger restaurant. His next business, the Panful of Chicken, was so successful that he tried opening more. Unfortunately, fried chicken didn't do well in early 1950s Oklahoma and Troy closed his Panful of Chicken restaurant. Troy then owned a steak house that had a root beer stand attached. This root beer stand, called The Top Hat proved more profitable and eventually outlasted the steak house. While traveling to Louisiana, Troy saw some homemade intercom speakers in use at a local hamburger stand. He contacted the innovator in Louisiana and asked him to make an intercom for the Top Hat. He then hired some local electronics wizards to install the system. He then added a canopy for cars to park under and servers to deliver the food right to customers’ cars. During the first week after the intercom was installed, the Top Hat took in $1750. With his new partner, Charlie Pa... Free Essays on Sonic Case Study Free Essays on Sonic Case Study Executive Summary Beginning with one restaurant, Sonic has become the largest drive-in chain in the United States. While they are smaller than their competitors, they are still leading in sales growth, customer loyalty and customer satisfaction. Sonic restaurants saturate the southern U.S. This gives them the opportunity to expand to other area. However, Sonic is reluctant due to the colder climates and their basis as a drive-in restaurant. Sonic should look at adding or combining capabilities to it’s restaurants to increase competitiveness and make it easier for them to expand into other areas without limiting themselves. Situational Analysis In 1953, Troy Smith, the founder of SONIC and World War II veteran, was living in Shawnee, Oklahoma. Troy dreamed of owning his own restaurant business. In fact, he had already tried twice. Troy first owned a small diner called the Cottage Cafà ©. The income he received was barely enough to make a living for himself and his family. Troy sold the Cottage Cafà © and bought a bigger restaurant. His next business, the Panful of Chicken, was so successful that he tried opening more. Unfortunately, fried chicken didn't do well in early 1950s Oklahoma and Troy closed his Panful of Chicken restaurant. Troy then owned a steak house that had a root beer stand attached. This root beer stand, called The Top Hat proved more profitable and eventually outlasted the steak house. While traveling to Louisiana, Troy saw some homemade intercom speakers in use at a local hamburger stand. He contacted the innovator in Louisiana and asked him to make an intercom for the Top Hat. He then hired some local electronics wizards to install the system. He then added a canopy for cars to park under and servers to deliver the food right to customers’ cars. During the first week after the intercom was installed, the Top Hat took in $1750. With his new partner, Charlie Pa...

Choose a current trend and explain your opinion about it. The trend Essay

Choose a current trend and explain your opinion about it. The trend can be of any category, and your opinion should be clearly - Essay Example The accessibility of online dating sites are masking more sensitive issues in the society, and thus, restrictions in the member's age, purpose of signing in, and advertisements posted through a reviewed dating site rules and possibly, government intervention. Audience of Internet Dating Dating sites could provoke more sensitive issues prevailing in the society. As more people are provided with easier access to the internet, the more chances there is that discrimination would happen, may it be racial or physical. Furthermore, sexual partners from the internet, with an emphasis to those who engage to casual sex, may be an accepted societal notion and thus will have more effects towards other sectors particularly reproductive health. It is much to the interest of the dating site users which this paper explores since it deliberates on impact of such activity in a broader sense. International Marriages Through Online Dating and Its Underlying Social Implications It must be exciting to thi nk that dating sites are expanding the user’s thoughts about racial identity. In the varied selection of potential mates, Caucasians, Black Americans, Asians and all others are not classified. In other words, the internet seems to have more room of racial acceptance than racial discrimination. However, what Warchaur found out could be intriguingly opposite to this notion. According to Turkle, â€Å"interracial marriages make racial identity more subjective and multiple; the anonymous, multi-channeled communication facilitated by the Internet deepens this trend toward multiple subjective identity† (qtd. in Warchaur). In other words, the anonymity of the dating sites members would reject possible personal differences and their attitudes would be completely relying on their race. Although the internet can be a good venue for true globalization to prosper, the dating site users are not spared from subjective generalization of their race. A member may have filled out their profile honestly, but this does not mean that members as such comprise 100% of the site. The truth is, there are members who lie, and this thought is so common that no matter how well-written the profile information is, the racial background still counts (e.g. Black Americans are stereotyped as violent). Because of existing racial stereotypes and the inaccessibility of face to face encounter, dating sites are prone to discrimination. Attractiveness is also a major issue internet dating rather than focusing on abstract qualities of a person. In a research conducted by Hitsch, Hortacsu, and Ariely with internet dating site users in the United States, the attractive mate prospects get the most number of replies and views than their less physically attractive counterparts. Electronic mail responses are more frequent to physically attractive members (16). As expected, physically attractive men and women are very selective in their potential partners in the dating sites. While 40% of aver age men gets responses from average women, the contrast is true for attractive men and women. It has been found out that least attractive members are â€Å"2-4 times more likely to send a first-contact e-mail to a man than the most attractive women† (17). Racial issues, sexual abuse, and self-esteem are at stake in the growing trend of e-dating. If the restrictions should be out of hand, then the users are in danger of suffering these consequences. The leniency of the government when it comes to internet control could have been the main culprit of this

Critical Evaluation of the 3 School of Thought on Innovation and Essay

Critical Evaluation of the 3 School of Thought on Innovation and Services - Essay Example Furthermore, the manufacturing sectors have been vital for several economists as it has been the foundation stone for the understanding of the process of innovation and its economic implications (Gallouj & Windrum, pp. 141-142, 2008). The learning and understanding of service innovation, on the other hand, have now become an opportunity for scholars where they can widen and enlarge their knowledge of an incorporated account of innovation and its entire process that applies to services as well as manufacturing. However, several prime issues and debates have been a significant part of the research for different schools of thoughts that have erupted and fumed in the literature of the service innovation over the past couple of years. According to one school of thought, the discussion and argument revolved around the subject matter that portrayed the potentials of innovation in services in contrast to the manufacturing along with its implication in the growth of the economy and employment (Gallouj & Windrum, pp. 141-142, 2008). According to the viewpoint of few scholars, the subject matter of innovation in the service sector is a concern that has gained significant importance over the period of instance. Moreover, the empirical and theoretical studies have contributed to great deal in determining the substance of innovation that plays a prominent role in the service activities in productive systems. In addition, these scholars also exhibit the piece if information that building or defining a definition of innovation on a general basis is fundamental and essential as it would create the perceptive and awareness of the concepts and dynamics of innovation in both sectors comprising service and manufacturing (Gallouj & Weinstein, pp. 537-538, 1997). The research has proved that the concept of innovation in services dates back to several centuries that have come under rematerializing few times. In fact, the arguments and discussions then focused around the alleged assimi lation, demarcation, and synthesis discussion. According to the assimilation standpoint, the service activities and manufacturing activities possess the similar functions on whole, and thus the theories and experimental or observed indicators are applicable to the services in the same way that have primarily and initially come under development for the manufacturing. According to some beliefs, it has also come under view that services in innovation are just the consequence of change that occurs due to dispersion of innovation (Gallouj & Windrum, pp. 142-143, 2008). However, the demarcation perspective is the antipode or reversal of assimilation, which states that service-specific forms of innovation exist. Furthermore, the organizational importance has been the key point of prominence with product and process innovation in services. Indeed according to the scholars who believe in this view strongly argues that various forms of innovations are service specific, therefore, it is criti cal and crucial to have exclusively new theories of innovation that must be service specific in order to have a clear understanding of the nature and motion of innovation in services (Gallouj & Windrum, pp. 143-144, 2008). Lastly, the synthesis viewpoint â€Å"seeks to take the recent insights of demarcation writers and to integrate these within insights gained in manufacturing

Mary Barton Essay Example for Free

Mary Barton Essay Elizabeth Gaskell’s â€Å"Mary Barton† is a novel of social reform that explores injustice, abuse and inequality. The novel is especially concerned with the societal condition of England at the time. In her â€Å"Preface† Mrs. Gaskell asserted, â€Å"I know nothing of Political Economy, or the theories of the trade. I have tried to write truthfully†. The â€Å"truth† of â€Å"Mary Barton† is not political or economic but the truth of the human heart. The novel is not about industrial conditions but about people living in those conditions. Mrs. Gaskell’s social aim in writing is to inform rather than to reform. Her aim in writing is to give â€Å"utterance to the agony† and to explicate the consequences of â€Å"the seeming injustice of the inequalities of fortune†. In â€Å"Mary Barton†, the protagonist John Barton asks with bitter vehemence about the injustice of the massive gulf between the upper and lower classes: â€Å"Why are they so separate, so distinct, when God has made them all? [ ] We are their slaves as long as we can work; we pile up fortunes with the sweat of our brows; and yet we are to live as separate as Dives and Lazarus, with a great gulf betwixt us†. John Barton is ultimately driven to the act of murder by his outrage at the gulf fixed between the rich and the poor. John Barton is ultimately a victim of society and an example of how a man full of human kindness is hardened into hatred and violence. As the author tells the reader his wife’s death meant that â€Å"one of the ties which bound him down to the gentle humanities of earth was loosened†. The string of events that followed – the strike, the Davenports’ starvation and fever, the employees’ arrogant isolation and the failure of the petition, seem to purposely show that the world reckons the poor folk no account. And as John Barton lies on his deathbed his enemy Mr. Carson sits in his library quite unable to hate his son’s murderer. At the end Mr. Carson forgives John Barton and the murderer dies in the arms of the man whose son he has murdered and this image explicates the novel’s pivotal theme in the hope of human heartedness. In her novel Mrs. Gaskell presents men and women at the extreme of suffering at which point only the most radical of human actions remain be they despair and hatred or alternatively human compassion and forgiveness.

Analysis of Paul’s Case by Willa Cather Essay examples -- Analysis of

According to many readers of Paul’s Case, this is a short story that shows affection, passion, and most of all enthusiasm. Willa Cather seems to base her stories off of daily life and events that she thought progressed in many lives. Her passion for writing showed in her literature giving a visualization on what people think doesn’t occur in the regular life of a person. Also throughout Willa Cather’s short stories she gave examples upon her childhood and her time spent in a small town she grew up in. Giving her the brilliancy and the ambition to become a writer of short stories which included, Paul’s Case. Themes are represented in all short stories in Paul’s Case, Cather shows the readers a young boy being brought up in a hostile environment whose only dream is to one day pursuiting more than what he came from to make his life better. In Paul's Case by Willa Cather, a boy by the name Paul is the protagonist of the story. Paul is a roundcharacter, but not only does Paul show different personalities Paul seems to change his feelings throughout the story in many different situations. In the meeting in the beginning of the story Paul shows a careless attitude towards being entered in school after returning from suspension."His teachers felt this afternoon that his whole attitude was symbolized by his shrug of his shoulders" (Cather 1). Although shows this trait throughout the entire story along with similar actions, this makes him look like a disobedient student and shows his careless attitude towards the situation that he is in. Throughout the story Willa Cather portrays Paul as a different character from the beginning of the story, to the middle until the end. After returning to school Paul headed off to his job which wa... ... ending. Many elements would have to deal with this fatal ending if it was from Paul’s selfishness, carelessness, ignorance or selfishness no one should have to endure the pain that was caused upon Paul throughout the entire story â€Å"Although Paul’s Case was a story of a ill behavior child it is still known to be some of Will Cather’s work† (David 1). Even though the story ends with an crashing it still gives examples of other human life, asking you to put your foot in others shoes. Work Cited Paul’s Case.† Short Stories for Students. Ed. Kathleen Wilson. Vol. 2. Detroit: Gale. Web. 11 Jan. 2015. â€Å"Critical Overview: â€Å"Paul’s Case†.† EXPLORING Short Stories. Detroit: Gale, 2003. Student Resource Center – Gold. Gale. Web. 11 Jan. 2015. David, Carpete. â€Å"Paul’s Case.† Short Stories for Students. Ed. Kathleen Wilson. Vol. 2. Detroit: Gale. Web. 11 Jan. 2015.

Sexual Harassment in Global Human Resource Management

â€Å"Sexual Harassment has been pointed out as the most increasing, widespread problem faced by women in the workforce (Kadue & Lindeman, 1997). † Therefore, I will write to you about what sexual harassment is and what constitutes it, where the United States and other countries stand on this issue (the global view), types of sexual harassment, how to identify it, major problems related to sexual harassment, disciplinary actions the offender may face, and affects sexual harassment may have on the victim. Sexual Harassment is defined as unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors or other verbal or physical conduct that is of a sexual nature. â€Å"Women bring about 85 percent of all sexual harassment charges (Scarborough & Zimmerer, 2006). † â€Å"A recent study found that retaliation claims occur in 47 percent of sexual harassment cases (Scarborough & Zimmerer, 2006). Following are a few items that constitute sexual harassment: submitting to or rejecting conduct is an explicit or implicit term or condition of employment; submitting to or rejecting the conduct is a basis for employment decisions affecting the individual; the conduct unreasonably interferes with an individuals work performance or creates an intimidating, hostile or offensive working environment (Fisher, Schoenfeldt, Shaw, 1999). In the past, the things that constituted sexual harassment were very vague. Due to this, when attorneys were in pursuit of their evidence, they had to be very aggressive. The behaviors associated with sexual harassment include threats or coercion which are linked to tangible job benefits and/ or those which involve unwanted gestures, unwanted touching or physical contact (Backstrom & McDonald, 2008). † Looking at sexual harassment globally, cultures differ in the type of behavior that is acceptable between the sexes and there seems to be considerable possibility of misunderstanding when employees of diverse cultures and genders meet in the workplace (Hardman, Heidelberg and Talbot, 1996). Behavior that Americans consider unacceptable is likely to occur in countries where the sexes are not equal under the law in society (Hardman et al. , 1996). † There are just a few countries that have laws against sexual harassment. â€Å"As of 1992, only Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, New Zealand, Spain, Sweden, and the United States had regulations in place (Hardman et al. , 1996). † â€Å"One of the things mitigating the workplace a pproach to harassment in Germany was the structure of labor relations (Dobbin, 2006). â€Å"There the industrial relations system was collaborative rather than top-down, which meant that directives have to be worked out at the level of workplace Works Council (Dobbins, 2006). † In America’s legal system, companies banned flirting and office romance because they were concerned about the courts banning them. â€Å"The French saw excessive Puritanism in the American approach, and so French feminists first won a law with a limited definition of harassment as abuse of power by someone in an official capacity (Dobbins, 2006)†. France made a 2002 revision of the law that made sexual harassment equal to moral harassment and violence, but they didn’t do it by inheriting American ideas. France separated harassment from Puritanism and then connected it with other types of psychological violence. â€Å"Employees in Germany and Italy do not necessarily have to have cause to fire employees who engage in sexual harassment, even if employees violate company policy (Maatman, 2000). † â€Å"Employers who terminate harassers may be forced to pay them termination indemnities (Maatman, 2000). â€Å"In Spain and Thailand, labor law concepts based on termination indemnity provisions allow employees to terminate their employment relationships due to sexual harassment. In turn, termination indemnity laws require employers to pay employees substantial severance pay if the cause of their termination is sexual harassment (Maatman, 2000). † â€Å"Venezuelan law prohibits sexual harassment by virtue of enac tment of the Law on Violence against Women and Family. The new law establishes the crime of sexual harassment, as well as penalties for its violation (Maatman, 2000). The crime that someone might serve for sexual harassment is three to 12 months in prison. Also, the offender has to pay the victim double the amount of accumulative damage that caused the sexual harassment along with access to positions and promotions. Employers are held responsible for monetary penalties; individual supervisors could go to jail. â€Å"Executives are potentially liable, and the company may have to cover a harasser's costs (Maatman, 2000). † â€Å"The mandatory termination indemnity laws of many foreign countries–as well as the potential for steep fines and even jail terms for employees who cross he line–should give employers entering the international arena some pause. Businesses that establish offices overseas can face extensive liability exposure for ill-advised personnel decisi ons and unsound loss-control protocols (Maatman, 2000). â€Å"Sound implementation of personnel policies and practices aimed at combating sexual harassment can help minimize these risks. Proactive HR administration can preserve corporate reputation and brand image, enhance recruiting and retention of a competitive workforce and avoid violation of international sexual harassment laws (Maatman, 2000). To reduce incidents, companies should brief expatriates on regulations in regards to male and female behavior at work. When harassment takes place in an overseas establishment, it is less clear whose standards should apply – those of the host country or those of the home country (Hardman et al. , 1996). â€Å"If freedom from unwanted sexual advances or overtly discriminatory behavior is considered a universal human right, then firms should protect this right in their operations worldwide (Hardman et al. , 1996). † â€Å"U. S. ased corporations must be aware that their American employees have the statutory right to sue for this discrimination occurring throughout the world (Maatman, 2000). † â€Å"Applicants, workers and terminated employees who are U. S. citizens and are subjected to discriminatory practices anywhere in the world may file a discrimination charge against their U. S. employers (Maatman, 2000). † There is no easy answer to the problem of sexu al harassment and the misunderstanding that can occur across many different cultures. There are two types of sexual harassment that are recognized by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) and the courts (Philips, 1997). They are as follows: Quid Pro quo and hostile environment sexual harassment. Quid Pro quo (this for that) happens when an employee makes it clear to a manager or supervisor that his or her sexual demands are unwanted and as a result of that loses an economic benefit, such as employment, an increase in salary or employment. Only managers and supervisors, not coworkers, can engage in quid pro quo harassment (Scarborough & Zimmerer, 2006). A hostile environment sexual harassment is a sexual discrimination and the harassment must be harsh enough to alter the victim’s employment conditions and create an abusive work area. A hostile environment usually requires a pattern of offensive sexual behavior rather than a single, isolated remark or display (Scarborough & Zimmerer, 2006). â€Å"Most sexual harassment charges arise from claims of a hostile environment (Scarborough & Zimmerer, 2006). † â€Å"Some experts believe male-dominated workplaces are likely to be the most hostile to women (Zwettler, 1997). Management can enforce a policy against sexual harassment. This policy should first, clearly define what behaviors constitute sexual harassment, secondly, State in clear language that harassment will not be tolerated in the workplace, thirdly, identify the responsibilities of supervisors and employees in preventing harassment and lastly, spell out steps to take in reporting an incident of sexual harassment (S carbourough and Zimmerer, 2006). The effects of sexual harassment differ from person to person. It depends on how severe and how long the harassment went on. Victims of severe or chronic sexual harassment can suffer the same mental effects as someone who has been raped. Some of the health and psychological effects of sexual harassment are relocating to another city, another job, or another school, loss of career, absenteeism, and stress in relationships, decreasing work and school performance, guilt, headaches, feeling violated, eating disorders, having angry feelings towards the harasser and many more. In summary, some things you need to remember if you are being harassed is don’t quit your job, act quickly, get support from your coworkers, ridicule the harasser, use your union grievance procedures, notify the company, keep a diary, and find other victims (Moore & White, 1997). Preventing sexual harassment is the best solution, and the key to prevention is educating employees about what constitutes sexual harassment (Scarbourough and Zimmerer, 2006). Training programs are designed to raise employees’ awareness of what might be offensive to other workers and how to avoid sexual harassment altogether (Scarbourough and Zimmerer, 2006).

Guide to Identifying Yellow Minerals